The term size reduction is applied to all ways in which particles of solids are cut or broken into smaller pieces. Commercial products must often meet stringent specifications regarding the size and sometimes the shape of the particles they contain. Reducing the particle size also increases the reactivity of solids; it permits separation of unwanted ingredients by mechanical methods; it reduces the bulk of fibrous materials for easier handling and for waste disposal.
The common ways in which solids are broken are as follows:-
· Compression: It is used for coarse reduction of hard solids, to give relatively few fines. Ex- nutcracker.
· Impact: It gives coarse, medium, or fine products. Ex- hammers.
· Attrition or rubbing: It yields very fine products from soft, nonabrasive materials. Ex- a file.
· Cutting: It gives a definite particle size and sometimes a definite shape, with few or no fines. Ex- a pair of shears.
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